![]() The Giardia trophozoites then feed off and absorb nutrients from the infected person. When Giardia cysts are swallowed, they pass through the mouth, esophagus, and stomach into the small intestine where each cyst releases two trophozoites through a process called excystation.Infection occurs when a person swallows Giardia cysts from contaminated water, food, hands, surfaces, or objects. Giardia cysts can contaminate food, water, and surfaces, and they can cause giardiasis when swallowed in this infective stage of their life cycle.
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